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The CMOS Inverter: Two Transistors, Zero Static Power

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CMOS inverter — PMOS to V_DD, NMOS to ground, gates tied to V_in, drains tied to V_out. Only one transistor conducts at a time, so the output flips between V_DD and 0 with essentially no static current. Sweeping V_in across the threshold produces the sharp transfer curve at the heart of every digital logic family.

CMOSinverterPMOSNMOStransfer characteristicstatic power